Wastewater treatment system. Wastewater treatment in the country
Lot lately trying to live out of town. Cities overgrown cottage settlements. Houses are growing like mushrooms after rain. And here's your building is nearing completion. Your cottage is becoming more and more suitable accommodation. Before you inevitably raises the question - what to do with sewage?
The easiest answer is to dig a so-called septic tank (one or two wells of reinforced concrete rings or something more fundamental) and periodically call Sewage disposal trucks for evacuation. On the one hand it out, but there is the question - whether all from septic tanks Sewage disposal trucks are exported? For example: a family of five uses of sanitary norms 1,000 liters of water per day, that is when this water consumption Sewage disposal trucks (4 cubic meters) would have to call every four days. Even if you reduce water consumption rates by half, still leaving time machine is once every eight days. The cost of travel Sewage disposal trucks from 15 to $ 30 a year, you need to invest 700 to $ 1,400. But the reality is not so. From my experience the car cause at best once a month. Where does all the rest, but it at least 15 cubic meters per month of contaminated water? Many septic tanks do without a bottom, untreated water directly rassasyvaya in the ground where it falls into our wells and boreholes.
Other poured waste water into the fields where soils are infected. Still others poured into the waste water from where it enters the water, making them unsuitable for swimming. In my experience was a case where a "cool" activities take his waste water directly into the boreholes. And they are all one and the same answer - so do it. Currently, the level of environmental pollution products of human life in densely populated places reaches a critical point. This leads to the poisoning of water horizons. This problem is less acute in the villages with sewerage. But in the settlements who were unable to connect to a centralized sewerage system, the problem of sewage treatment is in the first place.
In recent years, the waste water are clean. Plants for sewage treatment began to multiply rapidly. But these systems do not always justify our hopes. Water coming out called the net can be only conditionally. Instead of purified water, we see a black foul-smelling liquid. What is happening? Sometimes, the fault may be the user himself, who descends into the sewer all the things that they should not get there. But more often the problem lies in the installation itself, which in principle can not clean the wastewater before the stated parameters. Therefore, the choice of wastewater country cottage must be approached very responsibly. The right of wastewater treatment system will serve you for a long time, saving your nerves and money.
Almost all of the proposed in the domestic market treatment systems for small and medium-size systems are biological treatment, ie micro-organisms feed on organic contaminants present in wastewater, thus releasing energy and multiply. The basic process of biological treatment is the biological oxidation, it is a combination of carbon (which is the basis of all organic contaminants) with oxygen. This process takes place with evolution of heat, which is necessary to sustain life of the biomass. From this it is clear that oxygen is essential for biological treatment systems.
Some bacteria have learned to extract oxygen directly from chemical compounds, producing adverse biochemical reactions, spending a lot of energy, others take the oxygen from the air (or dissolved in water) is not putting much effort. The first live in water without oxygen (mostly putrefactive microorganisms that live in septic tanks), the second in the water with dissolved oxygen (aeration tanks, small ponds, rivers with cascading, etc.). It is estimated that costs only apply to the oxygen anaerobic septic tank, in the presence of organic food over time the number of microorganisms increases by more than 200 times, changing the percentage composition of microbial species, due to propagation of aerobic microorganisms. But if you do not limit the development of biomass, then going up to a certain concentration, it is no longer separated from the water and stops working. There is a so-called vzbuhanie activated sludge. There are a number of reasons why a simple aeration of septic tanks does not lead to desired results.
The construction of large sewage treatment plants have long been guided by the aeration tanks. Aeration at major stations have staff who can consistently interfere in a complex technical process, and to prevent accidents. With small wastewater treatment systems are much more complicated. No one will be on duty round the clock next to them, and so it should be fully automated with the indication of emergency situations. It has long hampered the development of small and medium-sized sewage treatment systems based on aeration. First set as aeration step purification of the so-called aeration clarifiers. Then the aeration tanks were set as primary treatment in systems with continuous aeration, which worked pretty well at a constant arrives drains. The main disadvantage of these systems in an unstable concentration of activated sludge, and hence the output parameters, as well as a large number of nitrogen compounds in the outlet water (air used in aeration systems for more than seventy percent is made up of nitrogen, a lot of nitrogen in household wastewater.)
most optimal way of wastewater treatment - biological treatment. Bioremediation solves almost all problems are not solved by the first two ways. It is recognized that the most effective technology for cleaning is aeration. All of the existing aeration tanks until recently been focused on large volumes of wastewater.
How to solve the delicate problem ... inhabitants of the modern country house requires the same comfort and convenience that in the city. This heating and ventilation systems, and ensuring hot and cold water, and sanitation. A man building a house, have to solve all these problems alone. The necessary equipment is not so easy to pick up. Requires expert advice. Today, most of the villages and housing estates are still equipped with pit latrines, which are not safe in environmental terms and uncomfortable to use. Because of the high estimated cost of laying gravity sewer, urban amenities in rural areas until recently remained an impossible luxury. At present, these problems are solved with the help of pressure systems (forced) sanitation. In this case, dramatically decreasing the cost and timing of construction works.
How bad unassuming wooden "birdhouse" in the farthest corner of the suburban area? Yes, actually, nothing. Especially if the winter in the country do not live in the summer to go and see only on weekends. But if you do not shield a house in the former garden of a partnership and not a log blockhouse "4x4" on the edge of the forest, and a full two-or three-level cottage with all the "tuning" that even the painted (in the sense of "painted", say, under khokhlomu) outhouse next to it will mean is comical, but "in reality" - is impractical. All the more so than, so to speak, fecal waste, there will be other sinks (from the kitchen and bath), which also have somewhere to drain.
Private Demand for individual sewage systems engineering creates supply primarily from manufacturers, with years of experience in the development of housing and communal services of a country such as, for example, the French firm SFA ("The Union of French sanitary workers"). This company has long provided the Russian market pumps and pump stations to pump sewage enforcement in the following situations:
- removal of waste from residential buildings (including those in rural areas), if not allocating their own accord or whether a small-diameter pipe-laying;
- for sewerage previously unused rooms (basements, garages, etc.)
- the repair of old, worn-out sewer.
These devices are compact tank to collect wastewater, pumping out water from which is carried out automatically by means of a submersible centrifugal pump. Waste water discharged by gravity is not, and under pressure without risk of clogging of pipes. This is also facilitated by the presence of fecal plants chopper. Therefore, we can use the pipeline is much smaller diameter (20-32 mm.), Which significantly reduces the cost of its styling. Here are the main group SANI-pumps from SFA. Sanitop,
Saniplus-household fecal pumps to remove sewage and sanitary sewage. All pumps are equipped with a chopper in this group and serve only to remove fecal waste, toilet paper and dirty water.
Rated - 360 - 550 watts.
Vertical / horizontal pumping - 5 m / 100 m. The diameter of the discharge pipe - 18 - 32 mm.
Sanivite, Sanidouche - household sanitary pumps for sewage disposal besfekalnyh, including hot (90 C) from the washing machine and dishwasher. not equipped chopper. Rated output - 250 - 360 Tues Vertical / horizontal pumping - 4-5 m / 50 m diameter pressure pipe - 18-32 mm.
Sanicompact 43,48, Lux - toilet with built-in pump for fecal equipment of toilets in small spaces. They do not have a toilet tank, thus saving both space and water. Rated power of -700 - 800 watts. Vertical / horizontal pumping - 3 m / 30 m diameter pressure pipe - 32 mm.
Sanimarin - toilet with built-in low voltage pump forced channeling arrangement for toilets on sea and river ships, building cabins, mobile Thonar, stalls, etc. Rated output - 289 - 800 watts. Power - 12, 24, 230 B.
Sanibest-fecal sewerage pump forced to use in public places. One such pump is drainage from toilets, sinks, bidets, showers, urinals, baths, including hot (90 C) wastewater from the washing machine and dishwasher. Rated output - 620 Tues Vertical / horizontal pumping - 7m / 100 m.
Station, Sanicom, designed specifically for professional use, a pump to lift sewage very high performance. Sanicom can drainage from fully equipped bathrooms (excluding human waste water) and kitchens. When you install the stations in public places is recommended to connect it to an external alarm. The system is equipped with an external check valve.
new pumping station on the SFA - Sanicubic - is a single complete product consisting of a corrosion-resistant and durable storage capacity of a polymeric material with dimensions 470h470h470 mm., which are mounted two pump-grinder of 1500 W. each. Macerator pump allows a homogeneous mass of sewage through a pipe of small diameter (50 mm). Without the risk of contamination. The Corps removed controls and alarms. At the pumping station Sanicubic the possibility of connecting to external alarm systems . It should be noted that the removable cover station facilitates access to the motors on the outside.
This station is designed for installation in basements of buildings and provides the slops from the building as a whole, and separately a basement or underground part.
Lot lately trying to live out of town. Cities overgrown cottage settlements. Houses are growing like mushrooms after rain. And here's your building is nearing completion. Your cottage is becoming more and more suitable accommodation. Before you inevitably raises the question - what to do with sewage? 
